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Puckle gun
The Puckle gun (also known as the ''Defence gun'') was a primitive crew-served, manually-operated flintlock revolver patented in 1718 by James Puckle (1667–1724) a British inventor, lawyer and writer. It was one of the earliest weapons to be referred to as a "machine gun", being called such in a 1722 shipping manifest,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Armoury of His Grace the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry )〕 though its operation does not match the modern use of the term.
==Design and patent==
The Puckle gun is a tripod-mounted, single-barreled flintlock weapon fitted with a manually operated revolving cylinder; Puckle advertised its main application as an anti-boarding gun for use on ships. The barrel was long with a bore of . The cylinder held 6-11 shots depending on configuration, and was hand-loaded with powder and shot while detached from the weapon.
According to the Patent Office of the United Kingdom, "In the reign of Queen Anne, the law officers of the Crown established as a condition of grant that "the patentee must by an instrument in writing describe and ascertain the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.""〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The 18th century )〕 This gun's patent, number 418 of 1718, was one of the first to provide such a description. T.W. Lee remarked, however, that "James Puckle's patent in 1718 contains more rhetorical fervor than technical rigor."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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